This research, funded by the Australian Housing and Research Institute (AHURI), focused on the phenomenon of small groups of Indigenous people living in public settings, despite in many cases the advent of formal Town Camps and a range of urban Indigenous housing options having been established in many regional centres throughout the late 20th century (esp. post 1970). Although these people are often categorised as 'homeless', a reading of the literature clearly demonstrates the difficulties of conceptualising either mainstream 'homelessness' or Indigenous 'homelessness'.